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作者	单位
田中伟，王妮妮，李怡香，崔亚坤，蔡剑，姜东，戴廷波	（南京农业大学农学院，农业部作物生理生态与生产管理重点实验室，江苏南京 210095）

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中文摘要:

为明确分蘖期和拔节期干旱对小麦穗粒数形成的影响，在盆栽条件下以豫麦49（小穗型）和扬麦13（中穗型）为材料，研究了小麦分蘖期和拔节期不同程度干旱条件下主茎和分蘖的穗粒形成特征。结果表明，分蘖期和拔节期轻度干旱对小麦穗粒数的影响不显著，而分蘖期重度干旱显著降低了主茎穗粒数，拔节期重度干旱和分蘖期+拔节期重度干旱均可显著降低主茎和分蘖的穗粒数，且对主茎穗粒数的影响更大。分蘖期重度干旱处理显著降低了主茎小穗分化数与可见小花数，但对分蘖无影响。拔节期重度干旱和分蘖期+拔节期重度干旱处理可显著降低小穗结实率、可见小花数、可孕小花数及可孕花结实率，进而导致小麦穗粒数显著降低。分蘖期重度干旱处理导致小麦主茎穗粒数的降低并未影响主茎的产量，拔节期重度干旱和分蘖期+拔节期重度干旱处理导致小麦主茎穗粒数下降均造成产量显著降低。因此，小麦营养生长期适度干旱不影响小麦主茎和分蘖小穗及小花发育，从而能够维持较高的穗粒数和产量，可以适度的进行节水灌溉，提高水分利用效率。

英文摘要:

In order to investigate the effects of water deficit at tillering stage and jointing stage on formation of grain number of wheat，two wheat cultivars，Yumai49（small-panicle type) and Yangmai13（middle-panicle type)，were used to analyse the characteristics of grain number formation under the condition of different degrees water deficit at tillering and jointing stages under pot-culture conditions. The results showed that the mild water deficit at tillering and jointing stages（TM and JM) did not influence the grain number，while the severe water deficit at TS，JS，and tillering + jointing stage（TJS) significantly reduced the grain number of main stem and tiller，and the grain number of main stem reduced more than tillers. The TS treatment reduced the spikelet number and visible floret number of main stem，but had no effect on the tillers. The decrease of spikelet number under JS and TJS treatments is mainly due to the decrease of the spikelet fertility，visible floret number and the fertility rate of the florets. The decrease of the grain number of main stem did not affect the yield of the main stem，but the decrease of the grain number of the stem and tiller caused by the treatments of JS and TJS resulted in a significant decrease in the yield. Therefore，the effect of moderate drought stress during the vegetative growth period on the grain number per spike is slight，and water-saving irrigation can be carried out to improve the water use efficiency.

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