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为明确山东省麦田看麦娘种群对甲基二磺隆的抗性情况及可能存在的抗性机理，本研究在临沂、日照等山东省看麦娘发生严重地区的小麦田共采集10个看麦娘种群，在温室条件下测定了其对甲基二磺隆的抗性以及对其他4种除草剂的敏感性，扩增和比对了靶标酶乙酰乳酸合成酶(acetolactate synthase, ALS)基因部分片段的差异。结果表明，SDTC-4种群对甲基二磺隆具有高抗性，抗性倍数达30.1，其他种群对甲基二磺隆敏感，抗性倍数在1.0~1.8之间。对ALS基因片段测序发现，SDTC-4种群看麦娘ALS基因 197位氨基酸由脯氨酸(CCC)突变为丝氨酸(TCC)(P197S)，其他种群均未发现有突变产生。SDTC-4种群对啶磺草胺和氟唑磺隆产生了一定的交互抗性，在推荐剂量下死亡率分别为10.0%和13.3%。所有的看麦娘种群对精噁唑禾草灵和异丙隆敏感，推荐剂量下死亡率达100%。本研究是看麦娘对甲基二磺隆抗性在山东省的第一例报道，ALS基因P197S突变是第一次在看麦娘中被发现，该突变很可能是导致SDTC-4种群对甲基二磺隆产生抗性的重要原因之一。

英文摘要:

In order to examine the resistance level and the potential resistance mechanism of Alopecurus aequalis to mesosulfuron-methyl, we collected ten populations from the wheat fields in Linyi, Rizhao and other places of Shandong province. Whole-plant dose-response experiments were conducted to evaluate the mesosulfuron-methyl resistance levels and susceptibilities to the other four herbicides in the greenhouse. Acetolactate synthase(ALS) gene fragments were amplified, sequenced, and compared between the resistant and susceptible populations. The results showed that SDTC-4 population displayed high level resistance to mesosulfuron-methyl, and the resistance index(RI) was 30.1. Oppositely, all the other populations were still susceptible to mesosulfuron-methyl, with RI 1.0-1.8. Sequencing results showed that the mutation of proline(CCC) to threonine(TCC) existed in ALS gene of SDTC-4 population, but there were no mutations in other populations. The SDTC-4 population was also cross resistant to pyroxsulam and flucarbazone-sodium, with the mortality rate 10.0% and 13.3% at the recommended field rate, respectively. All A.aequalis populations could still be controlled by fenoxaprop-p-ethyl and isoproturon, with the mortality rate up to 100% at the recommended field rate. This was the first report about mesosulfuron-methyl resistance in Shandong province, and P197S mutation of ALS was also firstly reported in A.aequalis. The P197S mutation was very likely one of the key reasons resulting in mesosulfuron-methyl resistance of SDTC-4 population.

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