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作者	单位
岳鹏莉,王晨阳,卢红芳,刘卫星,马耕,王强,胡阳阳	（1.河南农业大学农学院，河南郑州 450002； 2.国家小麦工程技术研究中心，河南郑州 450002）

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中文摘要:

为探讨花后高温和干旱逆境胁迫对小麦淀粉组分的影响，采用盆栽和人工气候室相结合的方式研究了灌浆期短暂高温、干旱及其复合胁迫对两个不同品质类型小麦品种籽粒总淀粉、直链淀粉和支链淀粉含量的影响。结果表明，小麦籽粒淀粉的积累量符合Logistic方程，但逆境胁迫会缩短籽粒淀粉积累持续时间，降低其积累速率，使其最终淀粉积累量减少。与对照相比，高温、干旱及其复合胁迫显著降低两个小麦品种籽粒的支链淀粉和总淀粉含量，直链淀粉含量受影响较小，淀粉的直/支比增加。高温、干旱及其复合胁迫下，洛麦24的千粒重分别较对照下降42.03%、21.95%和50.01%，产量分别较对照下降57.88%、40.75%和61.08%；郑麦366的千粒重分别较对照下降34.39%、7.64%和43.16%，产量分别较对照下降41.58%、30.97%和48.49%。综上所述，高温、干旱胁迫抑制支链淀粉积累是造成产量下降的重要原因；复合胁迫对小麦籽粒淀粉积累量的影响大于干旱或高温单独胁迫；高温胁迫的影响大于干旱；洛麦24较郑麦366对高温和干旱胁迫更敏感。

英文摘要:

High temperature(HT),drought stress(DS) and their combination(HT+DS) after anthesis affected the starch concentration and its components as well as the starch characteristics significantly in wheat grains. A pot experiment was performed at the scientific ＆ educational station of Henan agricultural university in 2014-2015 wheat growing season. Luomai 24 and Zhengmai 366,wheat cultivars with different gluten-strengths,were grown in 24 cm pots with 10 kg loam soil. The experiment was arranged with a completely randomized design with three replicates. Plants were initially grown in the field environment and then transferred to a greenhouse for HT treatment. HT treatment began from the 10th day to 13th day after anthesis with a high temperature of 38 ℃ from 11:00 am to 16:00 pm,and after that pots were returned to the field environment. The results showed that the starch accumulation amount in wheat grain depended on the accumulation duration and rate. HT,DS and HT+DS all caused decrease of both starch accumulation duration and accumulation rate,which resulted in the decrease of final starch accumulation quantity. Compared with the CK,the concentration of amylopectin and total starch were all decreased significantly under stress treatments,the amylose was less sensitive to the stress treatments,which led to an increase in the ratio of amylose to amylopectin.Compared with the CK,HT,DS and HT+DS decreased the 1 000-grain weight of Luomai 24 by 42.03%,21.95% and 50.01%,respectively; and decreased grain yield per pot by 57.88%,40.75% and 61.08%,respectively. As for Zhengmai 366,HT,DS and HT+DS decreased 1 000-grain weight by 34.39%,7.64%,43.16%,and declined grain yield per pot by 41.58%,30.97% and 48.49%,respectively. Consequently,the inhibition of starch accumulation was one of the important influence factors for the decline of wheat grain weight,and which affected the wheat grain yield ultimately.HT treatments had a greater effect than DS on the starch quality,Luomai 24 was more sensitive to HT and DS than Zhengmai 366.

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