| 张素瑜 , 王和洲, 杨明达, 贺德先.不同水分条件下玉米秸秆还田对小麦群体发育和干物质积累及产量的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2016,36(9):1183 |
| 不同水分条件下玉米秸秆还田对小麦群体发育和干物质积累及产量的影响 |
| Influence of Returning Corn Stalks to Field under Different Soil Water Contents on Population Development, Dry Matter Accumulation and Grain Yield in Wheat |
| |
| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2016.09.09 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 秸秆还田 土壤水分 群体发育 干物质积累 籽粒产量 |
| 英文关键词:Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) Returning stalks to field Soil water content Population development Dry matter accumulation Grain yield不同小麦品种及秸秆处置方式对农田磷素平衡的影响 |
| 基金项目:“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目（2013BAD07B07-4）；河南省重点实验室项目（132300413207） |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 847 |
| 全文下载次数: 583 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究土壤水分与秸秆还田对小麦生长的交互作用，通过防雨棚微区控水试验，研究了不同土壤水分条件下玉米秸秆粉碎翻压还田对小麦群体数量、干物质积累、籽粒产量等的影响。结果表明，干旱条件下，小麦群体数量、叶面积指数、干物质积累量、成穗数和产量显著降低，最大根冠比出现时间推迟至开花期；与秸秆不还田（CK）相比，秸秆还田（RS）处理的群体最大茎数提高了8.5%，灌浆期根冠比增加 12.26%，但生育后期的叶面积指数显著降低，穗数、千粒重、产量和收获指数也分别下降5.10%、3.17%、15.46%和8.39%；轻旱和适宜水分条件下，根冠比在拔节期达到最大值，RS处理的群体最大茎数较CK增加12.04%～14.18%；拔节期根冠比显著增加，灌浆期则相反；RS处理的不孕小穗数减少了14.91%～18.98%，穗粒数和产量则分别提高9.18%～26.30%及5.76%～6.96%。在轻旱或适宜水分条件下，秸秆还田可以改善小麦群体质量，协调植株地上部与根系的生长，最终提高籽粒产量；而土壤干旱时不宜进行秸秆还田。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The micro-plot experiment was carried out under rain-proof shelter to investigate influence of returning corn stalks to field under different soil water contents on population development, dry matter accumulation and grain yield of winter wheat in wheat-maize rotation system in the Huang-Huai-Hai plains. The results showed that under drought condition, population, LAI, dry matter accumulation, spike number as well as grain yield of winter wheat were all dramatically reduced(P<0.05). The largest root-shoot ratio reach to the maximum at anthesis stage. Compared with those in the treatment without corn stalks returning(CK),the maximum population in corn stalks returning(RS) treatment was 8.5% higher, root-shoot ratio at grain-filling stage was significantly increased by 12.26%, while leaf area index was dramatically decreased, spike number, 1 000-grain weight, grain yield, and harvest index were also significantly decreased by 5.10%，3.17%，15.46%，8.39%. Compared with those in CK, the maximum population were significantly increased by 12.04%-14.18% at jointing stage under slight drought and normal soil water conditions, root-shoot ratio was significantly decreased at jointing stage while significantly decreased at grain-filling stage. Meanwhile, spike number and grain yield were dramatically increased by 9.18%-26.30% and 5.76%-6.96% in returning corn stalks to field treatments, while sterile spikelets per spike were significantly reduced by 14.91%-18.98%.Additionally, the study also showed that above-ground parts performance an obvious lag. Conclusively, returning corn stalks to field would improve wheat population quality, coordinate growth of root and shoot, and ultimately increase grain yield under slight drought or suitable soil moisture conditions, but not be recommended under drought conditions. |
|
查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 关闭 |
|
|
|
基本信息
