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作者	单位
王宏霞，陈文杰，曹东，甯顺腙，刘宝龙，张波，张连全，刘登才，张怀刚	（1.中国科学院西北高原生物研究所高原生物适应与进化重点实验室，青海西宁 810008；2.四川农业大学小麦研究所，四川成都 611130； 3.中国科学院大学，北京 100049）

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中文摘要:

从人工合成六倍体小麦SHW-L1改良后代中选育的5个春小麦新品系，在青海表现出比对照品种高原448更优的农艺性状和产量潜力，推测源于外源物种的野生不良性状被淘汰，保留在新品系中的外源染色体区段可能对遗传改良有贡献。为了了解源自人工合成小麦SHW-L1的外源染色体区段在这5个改良新品系中的分布，利用11 660个具有染色体位置信息的多态性DArTseq标记对这5个改良品系进行了外源染色体区段分析。结果表明，共检测到78个外源染色体区段，其中，65个为源于四倍体小麦的A和B基因组，13个为来自于节节麦的D基因组。24个源于四倍体小麦的外源染色体区段分布于3个以上的品系中，这些区段主要来自于A基因组，其中2A有8个，7A有4个，1A有3个，6A有3个。本研究材料来自于混合选择，不同品系共有的外源染色体区段可能含有对当前育种有价值的重要基因位点或基因簇，这样的区段将是下一步关注的重点。

英文摘要:

The genome donor species of common wheat,Triticum turgidum and Aegilops tauschii,provide a lot of genetic variations for common wheat improvement. Genetic diversity of the two alien species can be introgressed into common wheat via synthetic hexaploid wheat as a bridge. Five spring wheat lines derived from synthetic hexaploid wheat SHW-L1 had better agronomic characters than Gaoyuan 448 and exhibited a high yield potential in Qinghai province. We suggested that the wild and disadvantage traits of alien species were eliminated during the breeding selection process,but the desirable alien chromosomal segments were kept. To find out the distribution of alien chromosomal segments in the five lines,we analyzed 11 660 polymorphic DArTseq markers with known chromosomal locations. The results showed that 78 alien chromosomal segments were found (65 donated from A and B genomes of T.turgidum and 13 from D genome of Ae.tauschii). Out of them,24 segments existed in at least three wheat lines,most of which were from A genome,including eight from 2A,four from 7A,three from 1A,and three from 6A. Since these lines were selected by mixture selection,these common alien segments shared by different lines probably harbor key genes or gene clusters favor to breeding selection. Therefore,they are the main points in the future study.

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