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作者	单位
张红亮，王道文，张正斌	（1.中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心，河北石家庄 050021； 2.中国科学院大学生命科学学院，北京 100049； 3.中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所/植物细胞与染色体工程国家重点实验室，北京 100101)

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中文摘要:

干旱是影响小麦种植区域分布、产量和品质的最严重的非生物胁迫因素之一。随着气候变暖、淡水资源日益短缺，干旱对小麦的影响呈现加重趋势。当前，转录组和蛋白质组技术已经成为研究小麦抗旱分子机制的常规和可靠工具，利用这两种技术已在不同小麦品种和小麦野生近缘种中鉴定出了大量参与小麦抗旱分子调控网络的基因和蛋白质。本文简要介绍了近年来利用转录组和蛋白质组学技术获得的对小麦响应干旱分子机制的认识，指出了存在的主要问题，并展望了未来发展趋势，对应用已有的研究成果改良小麦抗旱性及进一步应用转录组和蛋白质组学技术更好地揭示小麦抗旱分子机理具有参考意义。

英文摘要:

Drought is one of the most serious abiotic stresses negatively affecting wheat distribution, yield and quality. With the exacerbation of global warming and the growing shortage of fresh water, the adverse effects of drought on wheat production are becoming more and more severe. Currently, the transcriptomic and proteomic approaches have become common and reliable tools in studying the mechanisms of wheat resistance to drought and many genes and proteins involved in the molecular regulatory networks of wheat response and resistance to drought have been identified in different wheat varieties and its wild relatives. This paper briefly reviews the main general findings in the research on the molecular mechanisms underlying wheat response and resistance to drought using transcriptomic and proteomic approaches. The limitations of current research and the tendency of such studies in the future are also discussed，which may be helpful to utilize the existed research findings for the improvement of wheat drought resistance and may aid more effective investigations of the mechanisms involved in wheat response and resistance to drought stress by using transcriptomic and proteomic approaches.

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