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作者	单位
段丽娜，章建新，薛丽华，孙乾坤，赵连佳	（1.新疆农业大学农学院,新疆乌鲁木齐 830052； 2.新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐 830091）

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中文摘要:

为探明滴灌冬小麦高产需氮肥规律，利用大田试验研究了N₀(0 kg·hm^-2)、N₁(90 kg·hm^-2)、N₂(180 kg·hm^-2)、N₃(270 kg·hm^-2)、N₄(360 kg·hm^-2) 施氮量对新冬18号0~60 cm土层根系生长的影响及其与产量和氮肥利用率的关系。结果表明，随着施氮量的增加，拔节至成熟期间0~60 cm土层根系干重、根长和根系活力均增加，N₃处理孕穗期小麦0~60 cm土层根干重、根长分别较N₀处理增加11.93%、29.0%，增幅基本表现为0~20 cm＞20~40 cm＞40~60 cm土层；N₃处理较N₀处理小麦产量增加30.35%，氮肥农学利用效率为6.90 kg·kg^-1。拔节期前后施适量氮肥可促进0~60 cm土层根系生长和活力增强，是氮肥增产的重要原因。本试验条件下最适宜施氮量为180~270 kg·hm^-2，可获得产量7 591.49~8 004.85 kg·hm^-2，氮肥农学利用效率为6.90~8.06。

英文摘要:

To verify the effects of nitrogen application on the growth of root and yield of winter wheat under drip irrigation,five different nitrogen application treatments:N₀(0 kg·hm^-2),N₁(90 kg·hm^-2),N₂(180 kg·hm^-2),N₃(270 kg·hm^-2),and N₄(360 kg·hm^-2) were conducted.In the field experiments,effects of different nitrogen application treatments on root growth in 0-60 cm soil layers and the relationship between the yield and nitrogen use efficiency were studied. The results showed that:with the increase of nitrogen application,the dry weight,length and vitality of root in 0-60 cm layers was increased from jointing to maturity stages; the dry weight and length of root in 0-60 cm layers at booting stage under N₃ treatment were increased by 11.93% and 29.0%,respectively,compared to those under N₀ treatment,with an increase amplitude ranged as 0-20 cm > 20-40 cm > 40-60 cm soil layers; the yield under N₃ treatment was increased by 30.35% and the AEN was 6.90 kg·kg^-1. The appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer application promoted root growth and strong vitality in 0-60 cm layers before and after jointing stage,and it was an important factor for production increase. In this experiment,the optimum amount of nitrogen was 180-270 kg·hm^-2,and the yield was 7 591.49-8 004.85 kg·hm^-2,with the AEN of 6.90-8.06.

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