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为探讨宁夏灌区春小麦品种更替过程中源库的演替规律，以宁夏灌区四次更新的主栽春小麦品种和搭配品种及近年来的重要育成品种为对象，分析了源库指标及产量的变化。结果表明，随着品种的更替，宁夏灌区春小麦的源强从1953年以前的35.66 μmol CO₂·m^-2·s^-1增加到了1995年以后的106.99 μmol CO₂·m^-2·s^-1，提高了3倍；库容由289.97 g·m^-2增加到554.18 g·m^-2，提高了1.91倍，经济系数从0.29增加到0.38。源库协同改良使得春小麦的产量逐年增加。生物产量的增加主要依赖于源指标的改善，而籽粒产量的增加需要改善源库综合指标。因此，实现宁夏灌区春小麦产量的突破，应在增库的基础上扩源，建立合理的群体，协调源库比，促进春小麦光合产物向库的运转。

英文摘要:

In order to provide theoretical basis for spring wheat breeding,the succession rule of source and sink of spring wheat and confirming its relationship in Ningxia irrigation areas was discussed. The major and auxiliary spring wheat cultivars in variety succession in Ningxia irrigation areas were selected as materials. The indicator of source-sink and yield was measured . With the replacement of variety,the source strength of spring wheat in Ningxia irrigation areas increased from 35.66 μmol CO₂·m^-2·s^-1 (before 1953) to 106.99 μmol CO₂·m^-2·s^-1 (after 1995),which increased 3 times,and the sink capacity increased from 289.97 g·m^-2 (before 1953) to 554.18 g·m^-2 (after 1995),which increased 1.91 times. The economic coefficient increased from 0.29 to 0.38，respectively. The interaction of source and sink made yield of spring wheat increased year by year. The increase of biological yield depended on the improvement of source index,and the increase of grain yield needed to improve source-sink index. Therefore,in order to dramatically increase yield of spring wheat in Ningxia irrigation areas,the source of spring wheat need to expanded as the sink increasing,to build up a reasonable group,and to make coordinated source-sink relationship and promote the transportation of spring wheat photosynthate.

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