| 董 瑞，吕厚波，张保军，张正茂，陈魏涛，刘芳亮.叶面喷施氮肥对小麦SPAD值及产量的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2015,35(1):99 |
| 叶面喷施氮肥对小麦SPAD值及产量的影响 |
| Effect of Foliar Application of Nitrogen Fertilizer on SPAD and Yield of Wheat |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2015.01.15 |
| 中文关键词: 冬小麦 叶面喷肥 N肥 SPAD 灌浆动态 产量 |
| 英文关键词:Winter wheat Foliar application Nitrogen fertilizer SPAD Grain filling Yield |
| 基金项目:农业部公益性行业（农业）科研专项（200903007-06）;西北农林科技大学农业科技推广基金项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了解叶面施氮效应，在大田条件下，以农大1108和普冰79为材料，研究了在小麦抽穗期、开花期和灌浆期喷施浓度为1.0%、1.5%、2.0%、2.5%和3.0%的氮肥（尿素）对小麦旗叶SPAD值和籽粒灌浆动态及产量的影响。结果表明，与喷施等量清水的对照（CK）相比，喷施不同浓度氮肥后，两个小麦品种灌浆期旗叶的SPAD值均变化显著：在喷施氮肥浓度为1.0%(H1）、1.5%(H2)和2.0%(H3)时明显增加，在喷施氮肥浓度为2.5%（H4）和3.0%（H5）时明显下降，且H2和H3处理的小麦SPAD值在生育后期能保持一段时间的相对稳定状态，而CK呈下降趋势。两个小麦品种在喷施氮肥以后，H1、H2和H3处理的籽粒灌浆最大速率（Vmax）、籽粒灌浆平均速率（[AKV-]）以及快增期籽粒灌浆平均速率（[AKV-]s）均明显提高，而H4和H5处理的Vmax、[AKV-]和[AKV-]s明显下降。两个小麦品种的5个处理同CK相比，出现最大灌浆速率的时间（Tv）均有所提前，而且快增期持续时间（Tk）也明显缩短。两个小麦品种的产量、穗粒数和千粒重均表现为H3＞H2＞H1＞CK＞H4＞H5，且喷施氮肥处理均与CK差异显著。综合来看，叶面喷施浓度为2.0%的氮肥对小麦的增产效果最好。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The effect of foliar application of different concentrations of nitrogen fertilizer at heading,flowering and filling stages on SPAD grain filling characteristics and yield was evaluated in two wheat varieties(Nongda1108 and Pubing79) under field experiment. The results showed that,the SPAD of two wheat varieties had significant differences between nitrogen fertilizer used and CK.The SPAD of two wheat was obviously increased and maintained for a longer period foliar application of 2.0%(H3) and 1.5%(H2) nitrogen fertilizer were used,it was increased foliar application of 1.0%(H1) nitrogen fertilizer were used,while it was reduced when foliar application of 2.5%(H4) and 3.0%(H5) nitrogen fertilizer were used.The SPAD of CK was on a decrease trend in the same period. The grain filling followed the “slow-fast-slow” change rules,The maximum grain filling rate（Vmax）,the average grain filling rate（[AKV-]） and the average grain filling rate （[AKV-]s）at the rapid increase periodof the treatments of H1,H2 and H3 were all higher than that of CK in both wheat cultivars. However, the Vmax,[AKV-] and [AKV-]s of the treatments of H4 and H5 were less than that of CK. The time of the Vmaxof the treatments was earlier than that of CK. The time of the rapid increase period of all the treatments was shorter than that of CK. The thousand grain weight and grain number per spike and yield of two wheat varieies of different treatments showed the same order as H3＞H2＞H1＞CK＞H4＞H5. The foliar application of 2.0% nitrogen fertilizer could have the best effect on the yield of wheat. |
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