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为扩大纤维素类生物吸附剂的开发利用资源，采用五因子二次回归正交旋转组合设计方法对影响皂化麦麸吸附Cd²⁺的因子进行优化，得出在吸附时间为1 h、加入量为0.20 g、pH=6、温度20 ℃、浓度2.00 mg·L^-1时，皂化麦麸有最大吸附率（YMax=99.19 %）。对比试验表明，皂化麦麸对Cd²⁺的吸附优于活性炭，纤维素在吸附中起主要作用。扫描电镜下皂化麦麸表面显示粗糙和多褶皱的物理吸附特征，红外光谱显示皂化麦麸中-OH、-CH₃、C≡C、C=C、C=O、C-O 基团可能参与吸附作用。吸附等温线和吸附动力学模型显示，皂化麦麸对Cd²⁺吸附符合Freundlich等温式和二级动力学模型。皂化麦麸经过解吸附可以反复使用。

英文摘要:

To study the adsorption effect of the saponified wheat bran to heavy metal Cd²⁺ in industrial wastewater,five factors affecting the adsorption property were optimized with the model of quadratic orthogonal rotational combination design.The optimized results showed that the maximum adsorption rate reached 99.19% under conditions of the processing time of 1 h,the saponified wheat bran amount of 0.20 g,the solution pH of 6,the temperature of 20 ℃ and the cadmium chloride concentration of 2.00 mg·L^-1.The adsorption property of the saponified wheat bran was better than that of activated carbon,which was due to the existence of cellulose.Under scanning electron microscopy,the surface of saponified wheat bran was rough and muti fold.And the infrared spectroscopy results showed that the groups of -OH,-CH₃,C≡C,C=C,C=O and C-O in saponified wheat bran were involved in the adsorption of Cd²⁺.The results of adsorption isotherm and dynamic adsorption model showed that the adsorption of Cd²⁺ on the saponified wheat bran was accorded with Freundlich isotherm and the secondary dynamic model.And the saponified wheat bran could be repeatedly used through desorption and regeneration.

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