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作者	单位
张娜，张永强，李大平，牛海生，张洋，胡春辉，赵有来，徐文修	（新疆农业大学农学院，新疆乌鲁木齐 830052）

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中文摘要:

为了解滴灌冬小麦光合作用、干物质积累与滴灌量的关系，通过田间试验，在1管5行的毛管配置条件下，设置3 300、3 900和4 500 m·hm^-2三个灌水定额处理（分别用处理A、处理B和处理C表示），研究了滴灌量对冬小麦光合速率、蒸腾速率等光合参数、干物质积累时间和速率、产量和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明，自拔节期至乳熟期，处理B的叶面积指数始终高于处理A和处理C。叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度均随灌水量的增大而增加，而胞间CO₂浓度和单叶水分利用效率分别呈下降和先升后降趋势，净光合速率增幅随灌水量的增加而下降。全生育期单株干物质积累总体上呈“S”型曲线变化，处理B和处理C的干物质积累快速增长期分别比处理A延长了3 d和4 d；干物质最大积累速率和产量均以处理B最高，其中处理B产量分别较处理A和处理C提高了7.09%和4.55%；灌溉水利用效率在处理A和处理B之间差异不显著，二者较处理C增加了29.61%和18.99%。在本试验条件下，滴灌小麦的适宜灌水定额为3 300~3 900 m·hm^-2。

英文摘要:

The field experiment was carried out to study the effects of drip irrigation amount on photosynthesis characteristics and dry matter of winter wheat under one pipe for 5 rows, and three drip irrigation treatments of 3 300 m·hm^-2(treatment A, TA), 3 900 m·hm^-2(treatment B, TB) and 4 500 m·hm^-2(treatment C, TC) were provided during jointing stage to milk stage. The results showed that the leaf area index (LAI) was the hightest in TB, followed by TC and TA; With the amount increasing of drip irrigation at certain range, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of different treatments increased significantly, but along with the further increase of irrigation amount, the net photosynthetic rate reduced. The water use efficiency (WUE) of single leaf was the highest in TB, followed by TA and TC during all growth period. The total dry matter accumulation showed a “S” curve, and the duration of rapid growth in dry matter accumulation (△t) in TB and TA were extended 3d and 1d when compared with TA, respectively, then the maximum eigenvalue of speed (Vm) decreased. The yield of TB was 7.09% and 4.55% higher than that of TA and TC, respectively. The irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) of TA and TB was 29.61% and 18.99% higher than that of TC. Therefore, 3 300~3 900 m·hm^-2 could be the suitable irrigation quota of drip irrigation for winter wheat in local natural conditions.

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