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作者	单位
张鸣，高天鹏, 李昂，朱彦荣，李雪	（1.兰州城市学院化学与环境科学学院，甘肃兰州 730070； 2.城市环境污染控制高校省级重点实验室，甘肃兰州 730070）

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中文摘要:

为了解不同畜禽粪肥在春小麦生产上的应用效果，通过盆栽试验，在氮磷钾养分等量的情况下，比较分析了施用猪粪、牛粪、鸡粪和羊粪后春小麦产量和养分吸收利用的差异。结果表明，4种畜禽粪肥与化肥配施均能提高春小麦产量，促进养分吸收，提高肥料利用效率，培肥土壤, 尤其以鸡粪与化肥配施效果最好。相比单施化肥处理, 鸡粪与化肥配施处理的籽粒和秸秆产量分别提高13.43%和8.20%，籽粒和秸秆中的氮、磷和钾含量分别提高0.73%、9.74%、6.98%和2.86%、4.00%、9.19%，氮、磷和钾的累积量分别提高了14.27%、22.81%、22.81%和11.48%、11.11%、18.07%；氮素收获指数、氮肥农学效率、氮肥吸收利用效率、氮肥偏生产力和氮肥生理利用效率分别提高0.48%、52.77%、42.51%、13.46%和33.71%；磷素收获指数、磷肥农学效率、磷肥吸收利用效率、磷肥偏生产力和磷肥生理利用效率分别提高2.42%、52.77%、62.00%、13.47%和25.82%；钾素收获指数、钾肥农学效率、钾肥吸收利用效率、钾肥偏生产力和钾肥生理利用效率分别提高2.45%、52.77%、55.72%、13.47%和29.11%。土壤中有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量分别提高5.75%、10.94%、22.26%、1.95%、9.42%、26.85%和28.43%。

英文摘要:

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of the manures of pig, cow, chicken and sheep in combination with chemical fertilizer on yield, nutrient uptake and utilization of spring wheat under the condition of the same levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and to provide a theoretical basis and technical guidance for popularize and application of animal manures on spring wheat. The results showed that four animal manures combined with chemical fertilizer could increase yield, promote nutrient uptake and improve fertilizer use efficiency of spring wheat and fertilize the soil, and the most significant effect was observed in the chicken manure combined with chemical fertilizer. Compared with the treatment only applying chemical fertilizer, the grain yield and straw yield of spring wheat increased by 13.43% and 8.20%, respectively; the total amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the grain and straw of spring wheat increased by 0.73%, 9.74%, 6.98% and 2.86%, 4.00%, 9.19%，respectively. The total accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium increased by 14.27%, 22.81%, 22.81% and 11.48%, 11.11%, 18.07%, respectively. The nitrogen harvest index, N agronomy efficiency, fertilizer N use efficiency, partial factor productivity from applied N, physiological efficiency of applied N of spring wheat increased by 0.48%, 52.77%, 42.51%, 13.46% and 33.71%, respectively. The phosphorus harvest index, P agronomy efficiency, fertilizer P use efficiency, partial factor productivity from applied P, physiological efficiency of applied P of spring wheat increased by 2.42%，52.77%，62.00%，13.47% and 25.82%, respectively. The potassium harvest index, K agronomy efficiency, fertilizer K use efficiency, partial factor productivity from applied K, physiological efficiency of applied K of spring wheat increased by 2.45%，52.77%，2.72%，13.47% and 29.11%, respectively. The contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium increased by 5.75%, 10.94%, 22.26%, 1.95%, 9.42%, 26.85% and 28.43%, respectively.

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