| 芦俊俊，刘 炜，杨君林，姚鹏伟，王 峥，高亚军.覆盖栽培方式对旱地冬小麦越冬期间土壤温度的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2013,33(6):1181 |
| 覆盖栽培方式对旱地冬小麦越冬期间土壤温度的影响 |
| Effect of Different Mulching Cultivation Models on Soil Temperature during Wintering Period of Winter Wheat in Dryland |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2013.06.019 |
| 中文关键词: 旱地 土壤温度 覆盖栽培 冬小麦田 |
| 英文关键词:Dryland Soil temperature Mulching models Winter wheat |
| 基金项目:国家小麦现代产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-3-1-31）；教育部“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”项目（NCET-08-0465）；农业科研杰出人才及创新团队培养计划项目；西北农林科技大学“创新团队建设计划”项目。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为筛选出旱地冬小麦适宜覆盖栽培方式，通过微型温度记录仪连续观测越冬期间冬小麦田10和20 cm深度土壤温度的变化，比较旱地秸秆覆盖（SM）、地膜覆盖（FM）、垄沟模式（CM）和无覆盖模式（CK）的麦田土壤温度效应。结果表明，整个越冬期间所有覆盖处理的土壤日均温显著升高，总体增幅表现为CM>FM>SM。越冬后期（2月1日-2月20日）土壤温度变化与总体趋势差异明显，FM的增温幅度大于CM；与CK相比，SM的土壤日均温显著降低，具体表现在温度昼夜变化上，其中10 cm土层温度除在8:00-11:00升高外，其他时间降低，20 cm土层温度均下降（10∶00-14∶00差异不显著）。越冬前期，覆盖栽培10 cm土层的增温值均高于20 cm土层，越冬中期以后则相反（越冬后期土层间增温值差异显著）。SM的土壤日最高温度相对于CK没有变化或者显著降低，而日最低温度则提高，因此降低了土壤温度日较差；CM的土壤日最高温度在越冬后期降低，而在越冬中前期升高，而且土壤日最低温度也升高且增幅更大，因此土壤温度变幅显著降低；FM同时提高了土壤日最高温度和最低温度，最终没有显著改变土壤温度变幅。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Through continuous observation by miniature temperature recorder, the systemic data of soil temperature at 10 cm and 20 cm depth were obtained to investigate the effects of four different cultivation models (CK, no mulch; SM, straw mulch; FM, plastic film mulch; CM, combined mulch with plastic film and straw) on soil temperature during wintering period of winter wheat in dryland. The results showed that the average soil temperature of all mulched treatments was significantly higher (CM>FM>SM) than that of no mulching treatment (CK) during the whole wintering period. During late wintering period (1st Feb. to 20th Feb.), the average soil temperature of FM and CM was still significantly higher (FM>CM) while that of SM was significantly lower than that of CK, as the variation in day-night soil temperature showed that the soil temperature of SM at 10 cm was higher from 8∶00 to 11∶00 but in other period lower than CK, and soil temperature of SM at 20 cm always was lower than CK (10∶00-14∶00, P<0.05).The soil temperature increased at 10 cm was significantly higher during early winter period,slightly lower during middle winter period and significantly lower during late winter period than that at 20 cm for all the mulching treatments. The highest soil temperature of SM and CM during a day was significantly lower than CK during late winter period while their lowest soil temperature during a day was higher than CK, which indicated that soil temperature variation during a day of mulching treatment (CM>SM) significantly decreased. Soil temperature variation during a day of FM was not significant difference with CK because both the highest and lowest soil temperature during a day were higher than CK. |
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