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作者	单位
邵云，赵院利，冯荣成，王小洁，张紧紧，胡永娟	（1．河南师范大学生命科学学院，河南新乡 453007； 2．河南省获嘉县农业技术推广中心，河南新乡 453800）

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中文摘要:

为了探究耕层调控和有机物料还田对小麦产量及养分分配和利用的影响，在长期定位试验的基础上，以半冬性小麦品种矮抗58为材料，分析了在深耕、有机肥和秸秆还田条件下，小麦产量性状及氮磷钾在地上部分各器官中的分配特点。结果表明，小麦地上部器官氮含量表现为：籽粒＞叶片＞茎鞘＞颖壳+穗轴，秸秆还田有利于增加植株氮素积累；地上部器官磷含量表现为：籽粒＞叶片＞颖壳+穗轴＞茎鞘，有机肥还田促进了磷素向地上部分配，秸秆还田影响不如有机肥明显；地上部器官钾含量表现为：茎鞘＞叶片＞颖壳+穗轴＞籽粒，有机肥还田可显著促进植株对钾素的吸收。深耕处理提高了小麦产量，其中深耕+有机肥+秸秆还田处理增产效果最好，养分利用率最高。

英文摘要:

The measures of plowing and organic materials to field are very important to crop production. In long term experiments, the changes of wheat yield and allocation of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in above ground organs were studied under the measures of deep plowing, organic fertilizer and corn stalk to field and their interactions. The results showed that the order of N content in above ground organs was as grains>leaves>stems>glumes and spike stalks, and the measure of corn stalk to field was conducive to the accumulation of N in above ground parts of wheat plants. The order of P content in above ground organs was as grains>leaves>glumes and spike stalks>stems,and the measure of organic fertilizer to field was good for the accumulation of P in above ground parts of wheat plants, but the effect of corn stalk to field was not more obvious than that of organic fertilizer to field.The order of K content in above ground organs was as stems>leaves>glumes and spike stalks>grains,and the measure of organic fertilizer to field was an obvious stimulative factor to increase the accumulation of K in above ground parts of wheat plants. Moreover, deep plowing treatment had advantage to improve the yield of wheat,especially the combined treatment of deep plowing and organic fertilizer and corn stalk to field.At last,through the analysis of the utilization of these three nutrients, the combined treatment of deep plowing and organic fertilizer and corn stalk to field was also the best measure to wheat plants than the others.

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