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作者	单位
郑永胜，郭军贤，张艳，武晓阳，李立会，刘伟华	（中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/国家农作物基因资源与基因改良重大科学工程，北京 100081）

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中文摘要:

植物自主开花途径花发育基因 FVE 对植物营养生长向生殖生长的转变起重要的调控作用。为了进一步研究该基因在小麦中的调控功能，利用小麦基因组数据和二穗短柄草基因组数据，通过RT PCR和PCR技术对小麦花发育基因 FVE 的DNA序列和cDNA序列进行了克隆和序列分析，分别获得了7 034 bp (TriFVE1, Gene Bank JQ317687)和6 910 bp ( TriFVE2, Gene Bank JQ317688)的两个 FVE 基因序列。基因结构分析表明， FVE 基因由15个外显子和14个内含子组成， TriFVE1和 TriFVE2基因的内含子序列存在大片段的插入/缺失，同源性仅为79.87%。 TriFVE1和 TriFVE2的cDNA编码区序列均为1 368 bp，存在4个SNP位点，编码455个氨基酸的FVE蛋白序列完全一致。利用“中国春”和21个缺四体将 TriFVE1和 TriFVE2分别定位于小麦3A和3D染色体上。利用实时荧光定量PCR（qRT PCR）技术分析了FVE基因在单棱期、二棱期和穗分化时期的小麦茎尖组织表达模式，发现二棱期和穗分化期 TriFVE 的转录水平显著高于单棱期，表明FVE在小麦花发育由营养生长到生殖生长过程中起重要作用。基于FVE蛋白序列的系统进化树分析表明，苔藓植物、单子叶和双子叶植物被明显分为不同类群，该基因随着物种的进化而进化，可以为研究植物分子进化关系提供参考。

英文摘要:

FVE involved in the autonomous pathway plays a key role in regulating the floral transition in plant. In order to further study the regulatory function of the FVE , we cloned and analyzed the FVE gene in wheat. In this study, two flowering genes named TriFVE1 (7034bp, GenBank accession number JQ317687) and TriFVE2 (6910bp, GenBank accession number JQ317688), which have 79.87% identity, were cloned by segmented PCR and sequence splicing based on wheat and Brachypodium distachyon genomic data. Both TriFVE1 and TriFVE2 encoded putative proteins with 455 amino acids based on the cloned cDNA sequences, which only have four single base differences. TriFVE1 and TriFVE2 contain 15 exons and 14 introns. In the introns, a few large indels were found when comparing TriFVE1 with TriFVE2 . TriFVE1 and TriFVE2 was located on chromosomes 3A and 3D, respectively, using China Spring and 21 nulli tetrasomic lines. It was demonstrated that the transcription of FVE at double ridge and spikelet differentiation stages were both dramatically up regulated compared with single ridge stage by a quantitative RT PCR analysis. FVE might be important to and involved in the floral transition from vegetative to reproductive phase. FVE phylogeny analysis revealed that FVE proteins were classified into three clusters (bryophytes, monocots and dicots). Thus FVE which evolved with the evolution of species can be used to study the plant molecular evolution relationship. Our results provide the theoretical basis for studying floral development and transition in the reproductive growth period, and further analysis on wheat yield formation.

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