| Early aging before maturity can cause serious loss in wheat grain yield, this study is to investigate the effective measurements that decrease the influence of early aging on yield and quality of wheat. A completely randomized block design with 7 treatments was carried out for winter wheat cultivar “Zhengmai 366”, from 2008 to 2010. Urea, foliar fertilizer and plant growth regulator (PGR) were used at reviving, elongation, heading, flowering and grain filling stages, respectively, with different dose. The results indicated that urea, foliar fertilizer and PGR increased the total chlorophyll content (SPAD reading) in the top three leaves compared to CK. The post anthesis dry matter accumulation in the top three leaves, the redistribution amount and ratio of the dry matter that stored in vegetative organs before flowering, and the amount of the photosynthetic transported to the grain were higher in the plots treated with foliar fertilizer and PGR than that of CK. No difference was shown in the number of grains per spike, the weight of grains per spike, the 1000 grain weight and the grain yield among the treatments of urea, foliar fertilizer and PGR. The best treatment was T7 (results of two years), total chlorophyll content (SPAD) in leaf during filling stage were 7, 8, 9 and 3, 3, 5.4 times of T1 in flag leaf, the second leaf from top, the third leaf from top and late grain filling stage, respectively; The dry matter accumulation in the flag leaf, the second leaf from top, and the third leaf from top after anthesis were 0.66, 1.12, 3.84 and 1.48, 2.61, 4.26 times of T1; Amount of remobilization of pre anthesis stored assimilates in different vegetative parts (leaf,stem+sheath, hull+rachis,leaf+stem+sheath+hull+rachis) improved by 112.6%, 43.6%, 16.1%, 41.6% and 146.2%, 34.1%, 12.1%, 32.8%, respectively; remobilization rate of pre anthesis stored assimilates in different vegetative parts improved by 16.8%, 9.6%, 5.8%, 14.2% and 16.5%, 8.7%, 5.8%, 14.5%, respectively. Amount of post anthesis assimilates transported into grain and its contribution to grain weight improved by 75.1%, 37.6% and 16.8%, 15.0%, respectively; the grain yield were improved by 18.5% and 9.1%. All the treatments improved the flour quality but their effects were varied. Significant difference existed in the dough development and stability time among all the treatments. The best effect was achieved by the treatment of urea, foliar fertilizer and plant growth regulator (PGR) applied at later growth stages, which could decrease the influence of early aging. |
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