| In order to understand the trends of wheat breeding, and provide a reasonable proposal for wheat improvement in Qinghai province, 66 commercial cultivars, released during 1957 to 2009, were evaluated for 10 agronomic traits. The average values of plant height, ear length, spikelets per ear, effective spikelets per ear, effective tillers per plant, internode length under spike, kernels per spike, grain weight per ear, 1000 grain weight and distance of spike base to auricle of flag leaf were 92.82 cm, 10.94 cm, 20.62, 19.76, 7.19, 38.88 cm, 62.70, 2.81 g, 45.91 g and 18.11 cm, respectively. Their variation coefficient was between 8.81% and 27.50%, while phenotypic diversity index was from 1.51 to 1.73. Phenotypic diversity index of varieties increased from 1970s to the present, but it increased slowly after 2000, which indicated more new resources are still in need to be introduced for broadening the genetic base. The 66 cultivars could be clustered into three groups, representing three different types of dry land ecosystem at an altitude of 2 000~2 500 m, dry land ecosystem at an altitude of 2 400~2 700 m, and irrigated land in the valleys. |
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