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作者	单位
杨桂霞¹，赵广才²，许轲¹，常旭虹²，杨玉双²，马少康²，丰明²，徐凤娇³	（1. 扬州大学农学院，江苏扬州 225009； 2.中国农业科学院作物科学研究所，北京 100081；3. 山东农业大学农学院，山东泰安 271018）

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中文摘要:

为了研究播期和密度对冬小麦籽粒产量和营养品质及生理指标的影响，以中筋小麦中任1号为材料，在大田条件下进行不同播期和密度试验。结果表明，旗叶展开后0~28 d，早播和适播的小麦叶绿素含量高于晚播，生育后期晚播比早播和适播叶绿素含量高，叶绿素含量在不同密度处理间差异不显著。晚播比早播和适播旗叶平均含氮量分别高7%和4%，旗叶含氮量在不同密度处理间差异不显著。播期对籽粒产量及其构成因素有显著影响，籽粒产量和蛋白质产量以适播处理最高，在不同密度处理间除穗粒数差异显著外，其余均不显著。播期对清蛋白、醇溶蛋白和总蛋白含量有显著影响，对球蛋白和谷蛋白含量影响不显著，总蛋白含量以A2播期处理最高。除球蛋白外，总蛋白及其他组分含量在密度处理间差异均不显著，以B1处理最高。研究结果说明，籽粒产量和蛋白质产量以A2B2处理最高，营养品质以A2B1处理最佳。旗叶展开后21 d时，旗叶叶绿素含量与清蛋白和球蛋白含量呈极显著或显著正相关(r=0.73**，r=0.57*)。

英文摘要:

To study the effects of sowing date and density on grain yield and nutrition quality and physiological index of winter wheat, a field experiment using medium gluten wheat cultivar Zhongren 1 with three sowing dates and four densities was conducted in Beijing experiment site of the Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 2008 2009 growth seasons. The result showed that the chlorophyll contents of early sowing（September 29） and proper sowing (October 7) were higher than that of late sowing (October 30) after flag leaf spreading from 0 to 28 days, however, the chlorophyll content of late sowing (October 30) was higher than that of early sowing（September 29）and proper sowing (October 7) during late growth stage, density treatments had no significant (P>0.05) effect on the chlorophyll content. The average N content of flag leaf with late sowing was higher than that of the early sowing and proper sowing by 7%and 4%, respectively. However, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in density treatments. Sowing date had significant influence (P＜0.05) on grain yield and its components, moreover, grain yield and protein yield of proper sowing were markablely higher than that of early sowing and late sowing. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in the grain yield and its components in density treatments except numbers of grains per spike. Sowing date had significant effect on albumin, gliadin and crude protein, however, sowing date had no significant influence on globulin and glutenin, in addition, crude protein of A2 treatment was the highest. Protein content and its components contents were no significant differences (P>0.05) in different densities except globulin. In summerize, the A2B2 treatment was the best concerning protein yield and grain yield, A2B1 treatment was the best for nutrition quality. Significant positive correlations were found between the chlorophyll content with Albumin and Globulin at 21 days after flag leaf spreading(r=0.73** r=0.57*).

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