| 夏玉荣 ，封超年，周立云，王正贵，郭文善，朱新开，李春燕，彭永欣.几种杀虫剂对小麦旗叶光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2010,30(4):644 |
| 几种杀虫剂对小麦旗叶光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响 |
| Effect of Spraying Pesticides on Photosynthesis and Fluorescence Characters of Flag Leaves in Wheat |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2010.04.011 |
| 中文关键词: 冬小麦 杀虫剂 旗叶 光合 叶绿素荧光 |
| 英文关键词:Winter wheat Pesticides Flag Leaves Photosynthesis Chlorophyll fluorescence |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（30671224）；江苏省科技支撑计划项目（BE2008366 1）；江苏省教育厅基金项目（07KJAZ1022）；江苏省农业三项工程项目〔SX（2007）Z24〕。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为给小麦优质高效安全生产中科学使用杀虫剂提供理论和技术依据，以弱筋小麦扬麦13、强筋小麦烟农19为材料，在开花末期分别喷施推荐、3倍、6倍剂量的阿维菌素、毒死蜱、吡虫啉、乐果4种杀虫剂,研究其对小麦旗叶光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响。结果表明，杀虫剂处理会改变小麦旗叶的SPAD值、光合速率及叶绿素荧光特性，且剂量越高影响越明显；不同类型杀虫剂对小麦光合速率及荧光特性的影响程度不同，影响较大的杀虫剂是吡虫啉和乐果，其次是毒死蜱，最后是阿维菌素；不同小麦品种对杀虫剂的耐受性不同，弱筋小麦扬麦13比强筋小麦烟农19的耐受性强。杀虫剂处理主要是通过降低叶片叶绿素含量、光系统Ⅱ的实际光化学效率(ΦPSⅡ)和光化学荧光淬灭系数(qP)，引起单叶光合速率下降，最终导致小麦产量降低。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The effects of spraying pesticides on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of flag leaves in winter wheat were investigated.Two winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)varieties, weak gluten wheat Yangmai13,strong gluten wheat Yannong 19, were sprayed with four widely used pesticides, avermectin, chlorpyrifos, imidacloprid and dimethoate, with 1, 3 and 6 times of standard dosage of each pesticide at the end of anthesis stage.The chlorophyll content (SPAD value), net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll fluorescence related parameters of flag leaves were measured after pesticides sprayed, and the results showed that significant changes were observed and the effects increased with increase of the pesticide concentration. Pesticides of imidacloprid and dimethoate had larger effects on these traits measured than the other two pesticides, avermectin and chlorpyrifos. The tolerance of weak gluten wheat Yangmai 13 to pesticides was stronger than that of strong gluten wheat Yannong 19. Under spraying pesticides conditions, the low Pn of flag leaves was related to decrease of ΦPSⅡ and qP, and finally leaded to grain yield loss. |
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