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作者	单位
曹霞¹，王亮²，冯毅¹，徐红军²，穆培源²，张晓科¹，张影全¹	（1. 西北农林科技大学农学院/国家小麦改良中心杨凌分中心，陕西杨凌 712100 2. 新疆农垦科学院作物研究所，新疆石河子 832000）

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中文摘要:

为了明确新疆冬春麦区小麦春化和光周期基因的分布特点，利用STS标记对185份品种（系）的重要春化基因Vrn A1、Vrn B1、Vrn D1、Vrn B3和光周期基因Ppd D1位点的等位变异组成进行了检测和分析。结果表明，在新疆小麦品种中，春化和光周期基因位点显性等位变异分布频率不同。含有春化显性等位变异Vrn A1的品种47个，占供试品种(系)的25.4%；Vrn B1为43个，占23.3%；Vrn D1为38个，占20.5%；Vrn B3位点不存在显性等位变异。春化显性等位变异Vrn A1、Vrn B1和Vrn D1在冬、春性小麦内的分布比例也不同。在春性小麦品种（系）中，显性等位变异Vrn A1出现的频率较高（55.3%）；其次为Vrn B1，占50.6%；Vrn D1占44.7%。在冬性小麦中，仅有显性等位变异Vrn B1出现，占2.0%。在光周期基因Ppd D1位点，80.0%的品种（系）携带光不敏感显性等位变异Ppd D1a；其中在春性和冬性小麦品种（系）中，Ppd D1a出现的频率分别为83.5%和77.0%。新疆小麦品种（系）中，存在11种春化和光周期基因显性等位变异组合。

英文摘要:

In order to determine the distribution of vernalization and photoperiod genes in Winter and Spring Wheat Region of Xinjiang, 185 cultivars (lines) were characterized with STS markers for the main genes of vernalization and photoperiod, Vrn A1, Vrn B1, Vrn D1, Vrn B3 and Ppd D1. The results showed that the frequencies of dominant alleles at main gene loci of vernalization and photoperiod were different in Xinjiang wheat. The average frequencies of dominant alleles at the four vernalization gene loci in Xinjiang wheat were 25.4% (Vrn A1), 23.3% (Vrn B1), 20.5% (Vrn D1) and 0% (Vrn B3), respectively. The distribution proportions of vernalization allelic variations were also different in different wheat cultivars. In the spring cultivars (lines), the frequency of dominant allele Vrn A1 was 55.3%, Vrn B1 was 50.6%, and Vrn D1 was 44.7%. Single dominant allele Vrn B1 (2.0%) only appeared in the winter cultivars (lines). In Xinjiang wheat, the frequency of dominant allele Ppd D1a which was the most insensitive to photoperiod was 80.0%. The frequency of the Ppd D1a was 83.5% and 77.0% in spring and winter cultivars (lines), respectively. There were 11 combinations of dominant alleles at gene loci of vernalization and photoperiod in the Xinjiang wheat cultivars (lines). This information will provide the basis for the selection of wide adaptability of wheat.

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