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为发掘新的耐低磷小麦种质，利用磷源液相控制释放系统，通过相对生物量、根冠比和根部结构特征等形态指标，对41份小麦材料进行耐低磷种质筛选。结果表明，供试材料中，231104、231106和231122的相对生物量均在80%以上，根系发达，根毛长且密。其中，231122的相对生物量接近100%，在低磷胁迫下根部干重和根冠比明显高于正常供磷对照。用231个SSR标记进行多态性分析发现，它们与洛夫林10号和小偃54的多态率分别超过60%和58%。由此说明，231104、231106和231122是不同于洛夫林10号和小偃54的耐低磷种质，且能在低磷胁迫下优先保证根部生长，并调整根的形态结构，以利于吸收磷素，满足植株正常生长的需要。

英文摘要:

In order to identify new wheat germplasms tolerant to low phosphate environment, the response of all the collected 41 wheat materials to low phosphate supply were evaluated through controlled release system of P source in liquid phase. The difference in relative biomass, the ratio of root/shoot and root characters among these wheat varieties showed that the low phosphate tolerant genotype, 231104, 231106 and 231122, had more than 80% relative biomass, well developed root, long and dense root hairs. Especially, the relative biomass of 231122 reached to 100%, the root dry weight and the ratio of root/shoot of 231122 increased under P deficiency stress than that under P adequate supply. The whole genome scanning using 231 SSR markers suggested that these germplasms had more than 58% and 60% polymorphisms to wheat variety Luofulin 10 and Xiaoyan 54, respectively. These results indicated that 231104, 231106 and 231122 were low phosphate tolerance genotypes and which differed from Luofulin 10 and Xiaoyan 54. These germplasms were able to ensure the growth of root preferentially and regulation of root morphology to absorb more nutrition for growth requirement.

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