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作者	单位
刘凤楼¹，宋美丽¹，冯毅¹，孙道杰¹，李学军¹，李进仓²，张睿¹，王辉¹	（1. 西北农林科技大学农学院, 陕西杨凌 712100 2. 蒲城县农技中心, 陕西蒲城 715500）

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中文摘要:

为给小麦品种西农979的优质高产栽培提供理论依据，在高、中两种施肥量（高肥：每公顷施纯氮270 kg、P₂O₅ 225 kg、K₂O 120 kg；中肥：每公顷施纯氮180 kg、P₂O₅ 120 kg、K₂O 120 kg）和氮肥7∶3、6∶4、5∶3∶2、10∶0四种基追比例（一次追氮在拔节期进行，两次追氮分别在拔节期与孕穗期进行）条件下，研究了施肥量和氮肥基追比例对西农979产量和品质的影响。结果表明，高肥处理产量比中肥处理产量提高9.66%；无论在中肥或高肥条件下，籽粒产量均随氮肥追施比例的增加而提高。施肥量和氮肥基追比例对千粒重的影响较小，对穗粒数的影响居中，对群体穗数的调控作用较大。氮肥基追并施可显著提高成穗率。随施肥量的提高和氮肥追施比例的加大，群体穗数逐渐增加，籽粒蛋白质含量和湿面筋含量也有逐渐提高的趋势，但蛋白质含量增幅小，湿面筋含量增幅大。高施肥量下，氮肥基追比例5∶3∶2，西农979的籽粒产量、蛋白质含量和湿面筋含量最高，分别达到8 573.5 kg·hm^-2、14.97%和32.12%。

英文摘要:

In order to explore the optimal regime of nitrogen fertilizer application for high grain yield and quality of winter wheat Xinong 979 production, a field experiment on different rate and ratio of base and topdressing of nitrogen fertilizer at different growth periods of winter wheat was conducted. The field experiment with four replications for each treatment was designed in a split plot. The plot was applied with either high level fertilizer (pure nitrogen 270 kg·hm^-2, P₂O₅ 225 kg·hm^-2, K₂O 120 kg·hm^-2) or medium level fertilizer (pure nitrogen 180 kg·hm^-2, P₂O₅ 120 kg·hm^-2, K₂O 120 kg·hm^-2), and in which, the ratios of base and topdressing nitrogen fertilizer at different development periods were 7∶3, 6∶4, 5∶3∶2 and 10:0. The result indicated that there was 9.66% increase in grain yield of wheat Xinong 979 under high level fertilizer condition than under medium level. It was found that increasing topdressing nitrogen rate gradually increased effective spike number per plant and clearly elevated the grain yield and grain protein content in this study, especially wet gluten content. In conclusion, the treatment A2B3, whose nitrogen fertilizer rate was high level fertilizer and the ratio of base and topdressing was 5∶3∶2 at both the jointing stage and booting stage, had a higher grain yield (8 573.5 kg·hm^-2), grain protein content (14.97%) and wet gluten content (32.12%).

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