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为探究小麦抗冻机理，以东农冬麦1号为试验材料，在田间自然降温条件下，分别在5、0、-10、-20和-25℃胁迫下取分蘖节、根和叶，提取全蛋白进行 SDS PAGE分析并观察冰晶形态。结果表明，低温条件下东农冬麦1号分蘖节的全蛋白中出现7条特异蛋白带，其全蛋白对冰晶有修饰作用，并且随着气温的降低，抗冻能力逐渐增强。分蘖节和根中都在-20℃以后产生了分子量约为26 kD的特异条带；-25℃低温下分蘖节中产生了分子量约为17 kD的特异蛋白，推测其可能是产生修饰冰晶能力的抗冻蛋白。分蘖节和根为产生抗冻蛋白的重要部位。

英文摘要:

Dongnongdongmai 1 is the winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar that can bear low temperature and grow normally in Heilongjiang province. The cultivar was planted under the field conditions and sampled at different temperatures ( 5 ℃, 0 ℃, -10 ℃, -20 ℃, -25 ℃). The samples were separated into leaves, tillering nodes and roots. The total proteins were extracted and studied by SDS PAGE, respectively. The results showed that the total proteins of tillering nodes had several specific protein bands. The total proteins had the ability to modify the ice crystal, and were identified as antifreeze proteins while the temperature decreasing, the concentrations of antifreeze proteins increased gradually. The results of SDS PAGE showed a specific band with molecular weight of about 26 kD in both in tillering nodes and roots at lower than -20℃; and another different band with molecular weight of about 17 kD in tillering nodes at -25 ℃. We speculated that these two protein peptides maybe the antifreeze proteins modifying the ice crystal, and the tillering nodes and roots were the most important organs to generate antifreeze proteins.

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